Impact of Lipid Metabolism on Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Inflammation and Tumor Immunity

Macrophage polarization is influenced by lipids, which also exert significant control over macrophage functions. Lipids and their metabolites are players in intricate signaling pathways that modulate macrophages’ responses to pathogens, phagocytosis, ferroptosis, inflammation. This review focuses on lipid metabolism functions addresses potential molecular targets for the treatment of macrophage-related diseases. While lipogenesis crucial accumulation phagocytosis M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages likely rely fatty acid β-oxidation utilize acids as primary energy source. Cholesterol metabolism, regulated factors such SREBPs, PPARs, LXRs, associated with cholesterol efflux capacity formation foam cells (M2-like macrophages). Foam cells, atherosclerosis, an increase inflammatory cytokines. Lipolysis uptake markers, CD36, contribute production Enhancing immune system through inhibition lipid-metabolism-related can potentially serve a targeted approach against tumor cells. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, block conversion arachidonic into various mediators, influence have generated attention cancer research.